Objective Answers
CIVIC EDUCATION OBJ
1-10 ABABDBABAB
11-20 BDABDDCDCC
21-30 DABBBCBCBA
31-40 CCBABBBACC
41-50 DBBCDBDBBC
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Theory Answers
WAEC CIVIC EDUCATION
(1a)
(i) Tradition: Authority based on customs, traditions, and historical practices.
(ii) Rational-Legal: Authority based on laws, rules, and regulations.
(iii) Charisma: Authority based on an individual’s exceptional qualities, personality, or leadership abilities.
(1b)
(i) Cultural Preservation: Traditional leaders play a vital role in preserving and promoting cultural heritage, traditions, and values. They help maintain cultural identity and pass it down to future generations.
(ii) Conflict Resolution: Traditional leaders often serve as mediators and arbitrators, resolving conflicts within their communities. Their authority and wisdom help to settle disputes and maintain social harmony.
(iii) Representation: Traditional leaders represent their communities in various forums, such as local government, national assemblies, and international organizations. They voice the concerns and interests of their people.
(iv) Leadership: Traditional leaders provide guidance, direction, and inspiration to their followers. They offer vision, wisdom, and counsel, helping their communities navigate challenges and opportunities.
(v) Symbolic Role: Traditional leaders serve as symbols of unity, identity, and stability. They embody the history, values, and aspirations of their communities, providing a sense of continuity and belonging.
(vi) Community Development: Traditional leaders initiate and support development projects, promoting social and economic progress in their communities. They partner with governments, NGOs, and other stakeholders to improve healthcare, education, infrastructure, and economic opportunities.
(2a)
Community service refers to voluntary work undertaken by individuals or groups to benefit the community in which they reside or the wider society. It typically involves unpaid activities that aim to address local needs and improve the well-being of others.
(2b)
(PICK ANY SIX)
(i) Personal Growth and Development: Community service provides opportunities for individuals to develop essential skills, confidence, and leadership abilities.
(ii) Enhanced Civic Responsibility: By engaging in community service, individuals become more aware of societal issues and develop a sense of responsibility towards their community and society.
(iii) Improved Health and Well-being:** Studies show that community service can reduce stress, improve mood, and foster a sense of purpose and fulfillment.
(iv) Networking and Social Connections: Community service allows individuals to connect with like-minded individuals, build relationships, and expand their social networks.
(v) Career and Educational Advancement: Involvement in community service can enhance one’s resume, showcase transferable skills, and provide valuable experiences for future career endeavors.
(vi) Community Empowerment: Community service empowers individuals to make a meaningful difference in their own communities, fostering a sense of belonging and connection.
(vi) Social and Environmental Impact: Community service can address pressing social issues, such as homelessness, hunger, and environmental degradation, making a tangible impact on the well-being of the community and the environment.
CIVIC EDUCATION
SECTION B
(5a)
(i) Consistent Use of Condoms: Use condoms correctly every time you have sexual intercourse to reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
(ii) Regular HIV Testing: Get tested regularly and ensure your sexual partners are tested to know your HIV status.
(iii) Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Take PrEP medication if you are at high risk of HIV to lower your chances of getting infected.
(iv) Avoid Sharing Needles: Do not share needles or syringes to prevent the spread of HIV through blood.
(v) Safe Blood Transfusions: Only use blood and blood products that have been properly screened for HIV.
(5b)
(i) Persistent Fever: PLWHA often experience recurring or persistent fevers without an apparent cause, signaling a compromised immune system.
(ii) Chronic Fatigue: Sufferers frequently report extreme and persistent fatigue, even after adequate rest, which can significantly affect their daily lives.
(iii) Unexplained Weight Loss: Significant and unexplained weight loss is a common symptom of HIV/AIDS, often indicating the progression of the disease.
(iv) Recurrent Infections: PLWHA are prone to frequent and severe infections, such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, or fungal infections, due to their weakened immune system.
(v) Swollen Lymph Nodes: Enlargement of lymph nodes, particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin, is a common early sign of HIV infection, as the body tries to fight off the virus.
(9)
(i)Protection of Individual Rights and Freedoms: The constitution outlines the rights and freedoms of citizens, such as freedom of speech, religion, and assembly, and protects them from government interference.
(ii)Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances: The constitution divides power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, ensuring that no one branch dominates the others.
(iii)Distribution of Power between Federal and State Governmnts_: The constitution defines the powers and responsibilities of federal and state governments, ensuring a balance of power and autonomy.
(iv)Establishment of Institutions and their Powers: The constitution establishes institutions such as the legislature, executive, and judiciary, and defines their powers and responsibilities.
(v)Amendment and Revision Procedures: The constitution outlines the procedures for amending and revising the constitution itself, ensuring that it remains a living document that can adapt to changing circumstances.
(8)
(i)Political Instability: Frequent coups, civil wars, and political unrest undermine democratic institutions and processes.
(ii)Corruption: Widespread corruption erodes trust in government, undermines the rule of law, and distorts democratic processes.
(iii)Economic Underdevelopment: Poverty, inequality, and lack of economic opportunities hinder democratic consolidation and citizen participation.
(iv)Limited Access to Education and Information: Many citizens lack access to quality education, accurate information, and media freedom, making informed participation in democracy difficult.
(v)External Interference and Influence: Interference by foreign powers and external actors can undermine democratic sovereignty, perpetuate corruption, and destabilize the region.
(7a)
The rule of law is a fundamental principle that ensures all individuals, institutions, and government officials are subject to the law and must act in accordance with it.
(7b)
(i)Independent Judiciary: A fair and impartial judiciary that can interpret laws and ensure their enforcement.
(ii)Clear and Fair Laws: Laws that are easily understood, fair, and apply equally to all citizens.
(iii)Effective Law Enforcement: Law enforcement agencies that are capable, impartial, and accountable.
(iv)Respect for Human Rights: Protection and promotion of human rights, including freedom of speech, assembly, and association.
(v)Transparency and Accountability in Government: Government actions and decisions that are transparent, accountable, and open to scrutiny.
(vi)Active and Engaged Citizenry: Citizens who are informed, participatory, and hold government officials accountable for their actions.