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WAEC 2025 Chemistry Practical Solutions
Number 1.
Number 2.
Procedure:
Add all of C into a beaker with 10cm³ of distilled water and stir. Test the resulting solution with both red and blue litmus papers.
Observation:
Blue litmus paper turns red, red litmus paper remains unchanged.
Inference:
The solution is acidic.
(2bi)
First portion: Add NaOH(aq) in drops, then in excess
Observation:
A white gelatinous precipitate forms on the addition of NaOH, which dissolves in excess NaOH.
Inference:
Presence of aluminium ions (Al³⁺).
(2bii)
Second portion: Add NH₃(aq) in drops, then in excess
Observation:
A white gelatinous precipitate forms, which is insoluble in excess ammonia.
Inference:
Confirms Al³⁺ ion, since Al(OH)₃ does not dissolve in excess NH₃.
(2biii)
Third portion: Add BaCl₂(aq), followed by dilute HCl
Observation:
A white precipitate forms with BaCl₂, which is insoluble in dilute HCl.
Inference:
Indicates the presence of sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻).
(2biv)
Fourth portion: Add Fehling’s solution A and B and boil.
Observation:
No red precipitate forms.
Inference:
No reducing sugar present.
Conclusion:
From all tests, the two substances present in mixture C are:
(i) Aluminium salt (e.g. aluminium sulfate Al₂(SO₄)3) gives Al³⁺ and SO₄²⁻
(ii) No reducing sugar or organic acid detected.
Number 3.
Ammonia (NH₃)
(3b)
White smoke with HCl
(3c)
(NH₄)₂SO₄
(3d)
Ammonium sulfate
VITAL INFORMATION
For Question 1
Always use your school’s average titre (end point) in place of the one shown in our solution (which is 26.33 cm³).
Wherever you see 26.33 cm³ in our answers, replace it with your own school’s endpoint and redo the calculations.
Breakdown:
1b(ii):
Replace 26.33 cm³ with your school’s endpoint and do the calculation.
You’ll get your own value for CB (concentration of base).
1b(iii):
Use your CB value from 1b(ii) to calculate.
We got 0.0952 mol/dm³, but you must replace that with your own value from 1b(ii).
1b(iv):
We used our answer from 1b(iii), which was 8.0, to calculate the percentage.
Replace 8.0 with your own result from 1b(iii) and recalculate to get your final percentage.
Chemistry students will understand this better.
Teachers should guide their students through the steps.
If your school decides to use our value (26.33 cm³), the Chemistry teacher must ensure your endpoint is very close to ours – e.g., 26.10, 26.20, 26.30, 26.40 etc.
TEACHER’S REPORT:
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Free WAEC 2025 Chemistry Practical Questions and Answers Expo/Runs 2025
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